Ngawen Temple is a lesser-known Buddhist temple located in Muntilan, Central Java, Indonesia. Though not as popular as other ancient temples, Ngawen holds historical and cultural importance as part of Java’s rich Buddhist heritage.

Origins and Time of Construction

Ngawen Temple was built around the 8th century during the era of the Syailendra Dynasty, a ruling power known for its dedication to Mahayana Buddhism. The temple was likely constructed as a place of worship and spiritual learning for Buddhist monks and followers.

The name “Ngawen” is believed to come from a local term or village name, but the original name and exact function of the temple remain unknown due to the lack of inscriptions.

Temple Structure and Features

The Ngawen temple complex originally consisted of five small stone temples arranged in a row from north to south. Today, only a few of them remain in relatively intact condition.

One of the most unique features of Ngawen Temple is the presence of lion statues (simha) on its outer walls. These lion carvings are quite rare among Central Javanese temples, and they reflect protective symbols in Buddhist tradition.

The temple walls are decorated with reliefs that once portrayed Buddhist stories and symbols, though many have eroded over time. Despite its small size and simple design, the temple reflects the peacefulness and beauty of early Buddhist architecture.

Restoration and Preservation

Ngawen Temple was rediscovered and underwent restoration by the Dutch colonial government in the early 20th century. However, because of limited documentation and damage over the centuries, the restoration was only partial.

Today, the temple is under the care of Indonesia’s cultural heritage authority and remains open to the public as a historical site.

A Quiet Historical Site

Unlike larger temples in Central Java, Ngawen is not crowded with visitors, which makes it a peaceful destination for those interested in ancient architecture, history, and Buddhism.

The calm surroundings and historical atmosphere allow visitors to imagine what life might have been like during the time of ancient Java’s Buddhist kingdoms.

Closing

Ngawen Temple may be small and lesser-known, but it stands as a quiet witness to Indonesia’s ancient Buddhist past. Its simplicity, stone lions, and serene setting make it a hidden gem worth exploring for history lovers and cultural travelers.